/* ============================================
   Technology Diffusion in Emerging Economies
   Professional Economist / Think-Tank Aesthetic
   ============================================ */

:root {
    --color-bg: #faf9f6;
    --color-bg-alt: #ffffff;
    --color-bg-card: #ffffff;
    --color-bg-warm: #f5f3ee;
    --color-border: #d8d4cc;
    --color-border-light: #e8e5de;
    --color-rule: #c2bdb3;
    --color-text: #1a1a1a;
    --color-text-body: #3d3d3d;
    --color-text-muted: #6b6b6b;
    --color-text-dim: #9a9a9a;
    --color-navy: #1b2a4a;
    --color-navy-light: #2c4470;
    --color-teal: #1a6b5a;
    --color-burgundy: #7a2e3a;
    --color-gold: #8b6914;
    --color-gold-light: #c49a1a;
    --color-critical: #8b2020;
    --color-high: #8b5a1a;
    --color-medium: #6b6b1a;
    --font-serif: 'Source Serif 4', Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;
    --font-sans: 'Inter', -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, sans-serif;
    --container-max: 1100px;
    --section-padding: 96px;
    --border-radius: 2px;
    --transition: 0.2s ease;
}

*, *::before, *::after {
    margin: 0;
    padding: 0;
    box-sizing: border-box;
}

html {
    scroll-behavior: smooth;
    -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
    -moz-osx-font-smoothing: grayscale;
}

body {
    font-family: var(--font-sans);
    background: var(--color-bg);
    color: var(--color-text-body);
    line-height: 1.75;
    font-size: 16px;
    overflow-x: hidden;
}

.container {
    max-width: var(--container-max);
    margin: 0 auto;
    padding: 0 32px;
}

.section {
    padding: var(--section-padding) 0;
    position: relative;
}

/* ---- Typography ---- */
h1, h2, h3 {
    font-family: var(--font-serif);
    color: var(--color-text);
    line-height: 1.25;
    letter-spacing: -0.01em;
}

h1 {
    font-size: clamp(2.4rem, 5vw, 3.6rem);
    font-weight: 700;
}

h2 {
    font-size: clamp(1.7rem, 3vw, 2.4rem);
    font-weight: 600;
    margin-bottom: 16px;
}

h3 {
    font-size: clamp(1.05rem, 1.8vw, 1.25rem);
    font-weight: 600;
    margin-bottom: 10px;
    color: var(--color-navy);
}

h4 {
    font-family: var(--font-sans);
    font-size: 0.88rem;
    font-weight: 500;
    color: var(--color-text-muted);
    margin-bottom: 16px;
    letter-spacing: 0.01em;
}

p {
    color: var(--color-text-body);
    max-width: 680px;
}

a {
    color: var(--color-navy-light);
    text-decoration: none;
    transition: color var(--transition);
}

a:hover {
    color: var(--color-burgundy);
}

strong {
    color: var(--color-text);
    font-weight: 600;
}

/* ---- Navigation ---- */
.navbar {
    position: fixed;
    top: 0;
    left: 0;
    right: 0;
    z-index: 1000;
    padding: 14px 0;
    transition: all var(--transition);
    background: transparent;
}

.navbar.scrolled {
    background: rgba(250, 249, 246, 0.95);
    backdrop-filter: blur(12px);
    -webkit-backdrop-filter: blur(12px);
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--color-border-light);
    padding: 10px 0;
}

.nav-container {
    max-width: var(--container-max);
    margin: 0 auto;
    padding: 0 32px;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: space-between;
}

.nav-logo {
    font-family: var(--font-sans);
    font-weight: 600;
    font-size: 1rem;
    color: var(--color-navy);
    letter-spacing: 0.04em;
    text-transform: uppercase;
}

.nav-logo:hover {
    color: var(--color-navy);
}

.nav-links {
    display: flex;
    list-style: none;
    gap: 28px;
}

.nav-links a {
    color: var(--color-text-muted);
    font-size: 0.82rem;
    font-weight: 500;
    letter-spacing: 0.02em;
    transition: color var(--transition);
}

.nav-links a:hover {
    color: var(--color-navy);
}

.nav-toggle {
    display: none;
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 5px;
    background: none;
    border: none;
    cursor: pointer;
    padding: 4px;
}

.nav-toggle span {
    width: 22px;
    height: 1.5px;
    background: var(--color-navy);
    transition: var(--transition);
}

/* ---- Hero ---- */
.hero {
    min-height: 100vh;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    position: relative;
    padding-top: 80px;
    background: var(--color-bg-alt);
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--color-border-light);
}

.hero-content {
    max-width: var(--container-max);
    margin: 0 auto;
    padding: 0 32px;
}

.hero-meta {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 16px;
    margin-bottom: 32px;
}

.hero-badge {
    font-family: var(--font-sans);
    font-size: 0.72rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    color: var(--color-navy);
    text-transform: uppercase;
    letter-spacing: 0.14em;
    padding: 5px 14px;
    border: 1px solid var(--color-navy);
}

.hero-date {
    font-size: 0.85rem;
    color: var(--color-text-dim);
    font-style: italic;
    font-family: var(--font-serif);
}

.hero h1 {
    margin-bottom: 0;
    color: var(--color-navy);
}

.hero-rule {
    width: 80px;
    height: 3px;
    background: var(--color-navy);
    margin: 28px 0;
}

.hero-subtitle {
    font-family: var(--font-serif);
    font-size: clamp(1rem, 1.6vw, 1.2rem);
    max-width: 640px;
    margin-bottom: 56px;
    line-height: 1.8;
    color: var(--color-text-body);
    font-style: italic;
}

.hero-stats {
    display: flex;
    align-items: flex-start;
    gap: 0;
    max-width: 820px;
    margin-bottom: 48px;
    padding: 32px 0;
    border-top: 1px solid var(--color-border);
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--color-border);
}

.stat-item {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    flex: 1;
    padding: 0 28px;
}

.stat-item:first-child {
    padding-left: 0;
}

.stat-item:last-child {
    padding-right: 0;
}

.stat-divider {
    width: 1px;
    align-self: stretch;
    background: var(--color-border);
}

.stat-number {
    font-family: var(--font-serif);
    font-size: clamp(2rem, 3.5vw, 2.8rem);
    font-weight: 700;
    color: var(--color-navy);
    line-height: 1;
}

.stat-suffix {
    font-family: var(--font-serif);
    font-size: clamp(1.2rem, 2vw, 1.6rem);
    font-weight: 600;
    color: var(--color-teal);
}

.stat-label {
    font-size: 0.8rem;
    color: var(--color-text-dim);
    margin-top: 8px;
    line-height: 1.4;
}

.hero-cta {
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 8px;
    font-family: var(--font-sans);
    font-weight: 500;
    font-size: 0.88rem;
    color: var(--color-navy);
    letter-spacing: 0.03em;
    padding: 12px 0;
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--color-navy);
    transition: all var(--transition);
}

.hero-cta:hover {
    color: var(--color-burgundy);
    border-color: var(--color-burgundy);
}

/* ---- Section Headers ---- */
.section-tag {
    display: block;
    font-family: var(--font-sans);
    font-size: 0.72rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    color: var(--color-text-dim);
    text-transform: uppercase;
    letter-spacing: 0.16em;
    margin-bottom: 8px;
}

.section-header {
    margin-bottom: 56px;
}

.section-header p {
    font-size: 1.05rem;
    font-family: var(--font-serif);
    color: var(--color-text-muted);
    font-style: italic;
}

/* ---- Figure containers (charts) ---- */
.figure-container {
    background: var(--color-bg-alt);
    border: 1px solid var(--color-border-light);
    padding: 28px;
    position: relative;
}

.figure-label {
    display: inline-block;
    font-family: var(--font-sans);
    font-size: 0.7rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    letter-spacing: 0.12em;
    color: var(--color-text-dim);
    margin-bottom: 12px;
}

.figure-caption {
    font-size: 0.82rem;
    color: var(--color-text-dim);
    margin-top: 16px;
    font-style: italic;
    font-family: var(--font-serif);
    line-height: 1.5;
    border-top: 1px solid var(--color-border-light);
    padding-top: 12px;
}

/* ---- Intro Section ---- */
.intro-section {
    background: var(--color-bg);
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--color-border-light);
}

.intro-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 1.1fr 0.9fr;
    gap: 56px;
    align-items: start;
}

.intro-text h2 {
    margin-bottom: 20px;
}

.intro-text p {
    margin-bottom: 14px;
    line-height: 1.8;
}

/* ---- Framework Section ---- */
.framework-section {
    background: var(--color-bg-alt);
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--color-border-light);
}

.framework-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr);
    gap: 1px;
    background: var(--color-border-light);
    border: 1px solid var(--color-border-light);
}

.framework-card {
    background: var(--color-bg-alt);
    padding: 32px;
    position: relative;
}

.card-number {
    font-family: var(--font-serif);
    font-size: 2rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    color: var(--color-border);
    line-height: 1;
    margin-bottom: 16px;
}

.framework-card p {
    font-size: 0.92rem;
    margin-bottom: 18px;
    line-height: 1.7;
}

.card-metrics {
    list-style: none;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 6px;
    padding-top: 14px;
    border-top: 1px solid var(--color-border-light);
}

.card-metrics li {
    font-size: 0.82rem;
    color: var(--color-text-muted);
}

.card-metrics strong {
    color: var(--color-teal);
    font-weight: 600;
    font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums;
}

/* ---- Drivers Section ---- */
.drivers-section {
    background: var(--color-bg);
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--color-border-light);
}

.drivers-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr);
    gap: 32px;
}

.driver-item {
    border-top: 2px solid var(--color-navy);
    padding-top: 24px;
}

.driver-number {
    font-family: var(--font-sans);
    font-size: 0.75rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    color: var(--color-text-dim);
    margin-bottom: 8px;
    letter-spacing: 0.05em;
}

.driver-item h3 {
    font-size: 1.15rem;
}

.driver-item p {
    font-size: 0.92rem;
    margin-bottom: 14px;
    line-height: 1.7;
}

.driver-example {
    background: var(--color-bg-warm);
    border-left: 3px solid var(--color-gold-light);
    padding: 14px 18px;
    font-size: 0.85rem;
    color: var(--color-text-muted);
    line-height: 1.6;
}

.driver-example strong {
    color: var(--color-gold);
    font-size: 0.72rem;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    letter-spacing: 0.06em;
    font-family: var(--font-sans);
}

/* ---- Barriers Section ---- */
.barriers-section {
    background: var(--color-bg-alt);
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--color-border-light);
}

.barriers-visual {
    margin-bottom: 48px;
    max-width: 860px;
    margin-left: auto;
    margin-right: auto;
}

.barriers-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr);
    gap: 24px;
}

.barrier-card {
    border-top: 3px solid var(--color-border);
    padding: 24px 0;
    transition: border-color var(--transition);
}

.barrier-severity {
    font-family: var(--font-sans);
    font-size: 0.65rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    letter-spacing: 0.12em;
    padding: 3px 10px;
    display: inline-block;
    margin-bottom: 10px;
}

.barrier-card.critical {
    border-top-color: var(--color-critical);
}

.barrier-card.critical .barrier-severity {
    background: rgba(139, 32, 32, 0.08);
    color: var(--color-critical);
}

.barrier-card.high {
    border-top-color: var(--color-high);
}

.barrier-card.high .barrier-severity {
    background: rgba(139, 90, 26, 0.08);
    color: var(--color-high);
}

.barrier-card.medium {
    border-top-color: var(--color-medium);
}

.barrier-card.medium .barrier-severity {
    background: rgba(107, 107, 26, 0.08);
    color: var(--color-medium);
}

.barrier-card h3 {
    font-size: 1rem;
}

.barrier-card p {
    font-size: 0.88rem;
    line-height: 1.7;
}

/* ---- Regional Section ---- */
.regional-section {
    background: var(--color-bg);
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--color-border-light);
}

.regional-charts {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
    gap: 24px;
    margin-bottom: 48px;
}

.regional-charts .figure-container h4 {
    margin-bottom: 16px;
}

.chart-wrapper {
    position: relative;
    height: 280px;
}

.regional-profiles {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr);
    gap: 24px;
}

.region-card {
    background: var(--color-bg-alt);
    border: 1px solid var(--color-border-light);
    transition: border-color var(--transition);
}

.region-card:hover {
    border-color: var(--color-border);
}

.region-header {
    padding: 18px 24px;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: space-between;
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--color-border-light);
}

.region-header h3 {
    margin-bottom: 0;
    font-size: 1.08rem;
}

.region-tag {
    font-family: var(--font-sans);
    font-size: 0.65rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    color: var(--color-text-dim);
    text-transform: uppercase;
    letter-spacing: 0.1em;
    padding: 3px 10px;
    border: 1px solid var(--color-border);
}

.region-body {
    padding: 20px 24px;
}

.region-body p {
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    margin-bottom: 14px;
    line-height: 1.7;
}

.region-metrics {
    display: flex;
    gap: 20px;
    padding-top: 14px;
    border-top: 1px solid var(--color-border-light);
    font-size: 0.8rem;
    color: var(--color-text-muted);
}

.region-metrics strong {
    color: var(--color-navy);
    display: block;
    font-size: 0.92rem;
    font-family: var(--font-serif);
}

/* ---- Case Studies Section ---- */
.casestudies-section {
    background: var(--color-bg-alt);
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--color-border-light);
}

.case-studies-grid {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 32px;
}

.case-study {
    border: 1px solid var(--color-border-light);
    background: var(--color-bg-alt);
}

.case-study-header {
    padding: 24px 32px;
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--color-border-light);
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 16px;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
}

.case-tag {
    font-family: var(--font-sans);
    font-size: 0.65rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    letter-spacing: 0.1em;
    padding: 4px 10px;
    background: var(--color-bg-warm);
    color: var(--color-navy);
    border: 1px solid var(--color-border-light);
}

.case-study-header h3 {
    margin-bottom: 0;
    font-size: 1.2rem;
    flex: 1;
}

.case-location {
    font-size: 0.85rem;
    color: var(--color-text-dim);
    font-family: var(--font-serif);
    font-style: italic;
}

.case-study-body {
    padding: 32px;
}

.case-timeline {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(4, 1fr);
    gap: 20px;
    margin-bottom: 24px;
}

.timeline-item {
    position: relative;
    padding-top: 14px;
    border-top: 2px solid var(--color-navy);
}

.timeline-year {
    display: inline-block;
    font-family: var(--font-sans);
    font-size: 0.8rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    color: var(--color-navy);
    margin-bottom: 8px;
    font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums;
}

.timeline-item p {
    font-size: 0.85rem;
    line-height: 1.6;
    color: var(--color-text-muted);
}

.case-insight {
    background: var(--color-bg-warm);
    border-left: 3px solid var(--color-teal);
    padding: 18px 22px;
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    color: var(--color-text-body);
    line-height: 1.7;
}

.case-insight strong {
    color: var(--color-teal);
    font-size: 0.72rem;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    letter-spacing: 0.06em;
    font-family: var(--font-sans);
}

/* ---- Emerging Tech Section ---- */
.emerging-tech-section {
    background: var(--color-bg);
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--color-border-light);
}

.emerging-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr);
    gap: 28px;
}

.emerging-card {
    border-top: 2px solid var(--color-navy);
    padding-top: 24px;
}

.emerging-card h3 {
    font-size: 1.1rem;
    margin-bottom: 12px;
}

.emerging-card > p {
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    margin-bottom: 18px;
    line-height: 1.7;
}

.tech-risk-opportunity {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 10px;
}

.opportunity, .risk {
    padding: 12px 16px;
    font-size: 0.82rem;
    line-height: 1.6;
    color: var(--color-text-body);
}

.opportunity {
    background: rgba(26, 107, 90, 0.05);
    border-left: 3px solid var(--color-teal);
}

.opportunity strong {
    color: var(--color-teal);
    font-family: var(--font-sans);
    font-size: 0.7rem;
    letter-spacing: 0.06em;
    text-transform: uppercase;
}

.risk {
    background: rgba(122, 46, 58, 0.05);
    border-left: 3px solid var(--color-burgundy);
}

.risk strong {
    color: var(--color-burgundy);
    font-family: var(--font-sans);
    font-size: 0.7rem;
    letter-spacing: 0.06em;
    text-transform: uppercase;
}

/* ---- Policy Section ---- */
.policy-section {
    background: var(--color-bg-alt);
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--color-border-light);
}

.policy-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr);
    gap: 24px;
}

.policy-pillar {
    background: var(--color-bg-alt);
    border: 1px solid var(--color-border-light);
    padding: 28px;
}

.pillar-header {
    display: flex;
    align-items: baseline;
    gap: 14px;
    margin-bottom: 14px;
}

.pillar-number {
    font-family: var(--font-serif);
    font-size: 1.4rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    color: var(--color-navy);
    line-height: 1;
}

.pillar-header h3 {
    margin-bottom: 0;
    font-size: 1.08rem;
}

.policy-pillar > p {
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    margin-bottom: 18px;
    line-height: 1.7;
}

.policy-actions {
    list-style: none;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 6px;
    padding-top: 14px;
    border-top: 1px solid var(--color-border-light);
}

.policy-actions li {
    font-size: 0.82rem;
    color: var(--color-text-muted);
    padding-left: 18px;
    position: relative;
    line-height: 1.6;
}

.policy-actions li::before {
    content: '\2014';
    position: absolute;
    left: 0;
    color: var(--color-border);
}

/* ---- Dashboard Section ---- */
.dashboard-section {
    background: var(--color-bg);
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--color-border-light);
}

.dashboard-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr);
    gap: 1px;
    background: var(--color-border-light);
    border: 1px solid var(--color-border-light);
}

.dash-card {
    background: var(--color-bg-alt);
    padding: 28px;
    text-align: center;
}

.dash-card h4 {
    font-size: 0.78rem;
    font-weight: 500;
    color: var(--color-text-dim);
    margin-bottom: 10px;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    letter-spacing: 0.04em;
}

.dash-number {
    font-family: var(--font-serif);
    font-size: 2.4rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    color: var(--color-navy);
    line-height: 1;
    margin-bottom: 6px;
}

.dash-detail {
    font-size: 0.78rem;
    color: var(--color-text-dim);
    margin-bottom: 12px;
    line-height: 1.4;
}

.dash-trend {
    font-family: var(--font-sans);
    font-size: 0.72rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    letter-spacing: 0.03em;
    display: inline-block;
}

.dash-trend.up {
    color: var(--color-teal);
}

.dash-trend.down {
    color: var(--color-burgundy);
}

/* ---- Conclusion ---- */
.conclusion-section {
    padding: var(--section-padding) 0;
    background: var(--color-bg-warm);
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--color-border-light);
}

.conclusion-content {
    max-width: 680px;
    margin: 0 auto;
    text-align: center;
}

.conclusion-content h2 {
    font-size: clamp(1.8rem, 3.5vw, 2.6rem);
    margin-bottom: 24px;
    color: var(--color-navy);
}

.conclusion-content p {
    font-size: 1rem;
    margin: 0 auto 16px;
    line-height: 1.8;
    font-family: var(--font-serif);
}

.conclusion-cta {
    display: flex;
    gap: 16px;
    justify-content: center;
    margin-top: 36px;
}

.btn-primary, .btn-secondary {
    font-family: var(--font-sans);
    padding: 12px 24px;
    font-weight: 500;
    font-size: 0.88rem;
    transition: all var(--transition);
    display: inline-block;
    letter-spacing: 0.02em;
}

.btn-primary {
    background: var(--color-navy);
    color: #fff;
}

.btn-primary:hover {
    background: var(--color-navy-light);
    color: #fff;
}

.btn-secondary {
    border: 1px solid var(--color-navy);
    color: var(--color-navy);
}

.btn-secondary:hover {
    background: var(--color-navy);
    color: #fff;
}

/* ---- Footer ---- */
.footer {
    padding: 40px 0;
    background: var(--color-bg-alt);
}

.footer-rule {
    height: 1px;
    background: var(--color-border);
    margin-bottom: 32px;
}

.footer-content {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: space-between;
    align-items: flex-start;
    gap: 40px;
}

.footer-logo {
    font-family: var(--font-sans);
    font-weight: 600;
    font-size: 0.88rem;
    color: var(--color-navy);
    letter-spacing: 0.04em;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    display: block;
    margin-bottom: 8px;
}

.footer-left p {
    font-size: 0.82rem;
    max-width: 280px;
    color: var(--color-text-dim);
}

.footer-right {
    text-align: right;
}

.footer-sources {
    font-size: 0.75rem;
    color: var(--color-text-dim);
    max-width: 380px;
    margin-left: auto;
    margin-bottom: 6px;
    line-height: 1.5;
    font-style: italic;
    font-family: var(--font-serif);
}

.footer-copyright {
    font-size: 0.78rem;
    color: var(--color-text-dim);
}

/* ---- Animations (subtle) ---- */
.fade-in {
    opacity: 0;
    transform: translateY(16px);
    transition: opacity 0.5s ease, transform 0.5s ease;
}

.fade-in.visible {
    opacity: 1;
    transform: translateY(0);
}

/* ---- Responsive ---- */
@media (max-width: 1024px) {
    :root {
        --section-padding: 72px;
    }

    .intro-grid,
    .framework-grid,
    .drivers-grid,
    .regional-charts,
    .regional-profiles,
    .policy-grid {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    }

    .framework-grid {
        gap: 1px;
    }

    .barriers-grid {
        grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr);
    }

    .emerging-grid {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    }

    .case-timeline {
        grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr);
    }

    .dashboard-grid {
        grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr);
    }
}

@media (max-width: 768px) {
    :root {
        --section-padding: 56px;
    }

    .container {
        padding: 0 20px;
    }

    .nav-container {
        padding: 0 20px;
    }

    .nav-toggle {
        display: flex;
    }

    .nav-links {
        display: none;
        position: absolute;
        top: 100%;
        left: 0;
        right: 0;
        background: rgba(250, 249, 246, 0.98);
        -webkit-backdrop-filter: blur(12px);
        backdrop-filter: blur(12px);
        flex-direction: column;
        padding: 16px 20px;
        gap: 12px;
        border-bottom: 1px solid var(--color-border);
    }

    .nav-links.active {
        display: flex;
    }

    .hero-stats {
        flex-direction: column;
        gap: 20px;
    }

    .stat-item {
        padding: 0;
    }

    .stat-divider {
        width: 40px;
        height: 1px;
    }

    .barriers-grid,
    .dashboard-grid {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    }

    .dashboard-grid {
        gap: 1px;
    }

    .case-timeline {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    }

    .case-study-header {
        flex-direction: column;
        align-items: flex-start;
        gap: 8px;
    }

    .footer-content {
        flex-direction: column;
    }

    .footer-right {
        text-align: left;
    }

    .footer-sources {
        margin-left: 0;
    }

    .region-metrics {
        flex-direction: column;
        gap: 8px;
    }

    .conclusion-cta {
        flex-direction: column;
        align-items: center;
    }
}

@media (max-width: 480px) {
    body {
        font-size: 15px;
    }

    .hero-content,
    .nav-container {
        padding: 0 16px;
    }

    .case-study-body {
        padding: 20px;
    }
}